CHAPTER 7 :PAST SIMPLE PASSIV
Active sentences in the simple past tense have the following structure
Subject + past tense form of the verb + object
Passive sentences in the simple past tense have the following structure:
Object of the active sentence + was/were + past participle form of the verb + by + subject of the active sentence
For example is : Changing an assertive sentence into the passive
Active: He wrote a letter.
Passive: A letter was written by him.
Active: They knew it.
Passive: It was known to them.
Active: She sang a song.
Passive: A song was sung by her.
Changing a negative sentence into the passive
Active: She did not know anything about it.
Passive: Nothing about it was known to her.
Active: Nobody could discourage him from pursuing his path.
Passive: He could not be discouraged from pursuing his path by anybody.
Active: You did not listen to me.
Passive: I was not listened to by you.
CHAPTHER 8. MODAL VERB
Must is a modal auxiliary verb. It is followed by a main verb. The structure is:
subject + must + main verb
The main verb is the base verb (infinitive without "to").
Look at these examples:
subject | auxiliary must | main verb |
|
I | must | go | home. |
You | must | visit | us. |
We | must | stop | now. |
Must is an auxiliary verb. It is followed by a main verb. The structure for must not is:
subject + must not + main verb
Must not is often contracted to mustn't.
Look at these examples:
subject | auxiliary must + not | main verb |
|
I | mustn't | forget | my keys. |
You | mustn't | disturb | him. |
Students | must not | be | late. |
NB: like all auxiliary verbs, must CANNOT be followed by "to". So, we say:
- You mustn't arrive late. (not You mustn't to arrive l